QiGong / Neigong

A randomized controlled trial of qigong exercise on fatigue symptoms, functioning, and telomerase activity in persons with chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome Rainbow T H Ho 1, Jessie S M Chan, Chong-Wen Wang, Benson W M Lau, Kwok Fai So, Li Ping Yuen, Jonathan S T Sham, Cecilia L W Chan

Researching the Benefits of Mind-Body Practice by Investigating Genetic Expression
 Roger Jahnke, OMD. The Institute of Integral Qigong and Tai Chi.

Introductory Articles on Qigong and Energy Medicine
 Qigong Institute website: Scientific Basis of Qigong and Energy Medicine page.

A Pilot Study of External Qigong Therapy for Patients with Fibromyalgia(PDF 181KB)
 Kevin Chen, et. al. Originally published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2006) Vol 12, No. 9

Qigong - Energy Medicine for the New Millennium (PDF 72KB)
 Tom Rogers, President of the Qigong Institute. Originally published in Qi Magazine.

Multifaceted Health Benefits of Medical Qigong (PDF 69KB) - Kenneth M. Sancier PhD and Devatara Holman MS. MA. LAc Originally Published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2004) Vol 10, No. 1

Electrodermal Measurements for Monitoring the Effects of a Qigong Workshop (PDF 574KB)- by Kenneth M. Sancier PhD. Originally Published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2003) Vol 9, No. 2

Anti-Aging Benefits of Qigong - by Kenneth M. Sancier PhD. Originally Published in: Journal of the International Society of Life Information Science,14 (1) 12-21 (1996).

Integrative Tumor Board: Advanced Breast Cancer (PDF 124KB) Kevin papers Ph.D. and Binhui He

Review of Qigong Therapy for Cancer Treatment  (PDF 531KB) Kevin Chen Ph.D. and Raphael Yeung Originally Published in: Journal of the International Society of Life Information Science,20 (2) 2002.

A Preliminary Study of the Effect of External Qigong on Lymphoma Growth in Mice  (PDF 1,381KB) by Kevin Chen Ph.D., Samuel C. Shiflett, Nicholas M. Ponzio, Binhui He, Deborah K. Elliott and Steven E. Keller. Originally Published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2002) Vol 8, No. 5, pp. 615-621.

The Wonders and Mysteries of Qi  (PDF 138KB) A book Review by Kevin Chen Ph.D. Originally Published in: Journal of Scientific Exploration. 2002;16(3)

External Qigong Therapy for Chronic Orofacial Pain  (PDF 134KB) Kevin Chen Ph.D., Joseph J. Marbach D.D.S., Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. Originally Published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2002) Vol 8, No. 5, pp. 532-534.

Use of Qigong Therapy in the Detoxification of Heroin Addicts  (PDF 153KB) Kevin Chen Ph.D., Ming Li, Zhixian Mo M.D.     Originally Published in: Alternative Therapies, Jan/Feb 2002, Vol. 8, No. 1.

Exploratory Studies of External Qi in China  (PDF 227KB) by Kevin Chen Ph.D. and Zhongpeng Lin Originally Published in: Journal of the International Society of Life Information Science,20 (2) 2002.

THE EFFECT OF QIGONG ON THERAPEUTIC BALANCING MEASURED BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ACCORDING TO VOLL (EAV): A PRELIMINARY STUDY (PDF 595KB) Kenneth M. Sancier PhD. Originally Published in: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, International Journal. 1994; vol.19

Medical Applications of Qigong and Emitted Qi on Humans, Animals, Cell Cultures and Plants: Review of Selected Scientific Research  (PDF 905KB) Kenneth M. Sancier PhD. and Bingkun Hu PhD.; Published in The American Journal of Acupuncture Vol. 19, No. 4, 1991

Qigong and Neurological Illness (PDF 150KB) Kenneth M. Sancier; Published in Alternative and Complementary Treatments in Neurologic Illness. By Michael I. Weintraub,, Chapter 15, pp 197-220 (2001), and reprinted with the permission from Elsevier.

Search for Medical Applications of Qigong With the Computerized Qigong Database? (PDF 84KB) by Kenneth M. Sancier PhD.; Published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2001) vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 93-95.

Therapeutic Benefits of Qigong Exercises in Combination with Drugs  (PDF 149KB)  Kenneth M. Sancier PhD. Originally Published in: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (1999) Vol 5, No. 4, pp. 383-389.

Medical Applications of Qigong (PDF 661KB) Kenneth M. Sancier PhD.; published in "Alternative Therapies January, 1996, Vol 2. No.1.

An Analytic Review of Studies on Measuring Effects of External Qi in China (PDF 169KB) 
 Kevin Chen, Ph.D. MPH; Originally Published in Alternative Therapies. July/Aug 2004, VOL. 10. No.4.

A Case Study of Simultaneous Recovery From Multiple Physical Symptoms with Medical Qigong Therapy
 Kevin Chen, Ph.D. MPH; Originally Published in Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2004) Vol 10, No. 1.

Oh B, Butow P, Mullan B, et al. Impact of medical Qigong on quality of life, fatigue, mood and inflammation in cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Oncol. Mar 2010;21(3):608-614.

Oh B, Butow P, Mullan B, et al. Medical Qigong for cancer patients: pilot study of impact on quality of life, side effects of treatment and inflammation. Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(3):459-472.

Yang Y. The relation between wuji, taiji, and qigong. Available at: http://www.centerfortaiji.com.

Loh SH. Qigong therapy in the treatment of metastatic colon cancer. Altern Ther Health Med. Jul 1999;5(4):112, 111.

Lee MS, Chen KW, Sancier KM, et al. Qigong for cancer treatment: a systematic review of controlled clinical trials. Acta Oncol. 2007;46(6):717-722.

Lee MS, Lim HJ, Lee MS. Impact of qigong exercise on self-efficacy and other cognitive perceptual variables in patients with essential hypertension. J Altern Complement Med. Aug 2004;10(4):675-680.

Lynch M, Sawynok J, Hiew C, et al. A randomized controlled trial of qigong for fibromyalgia. Arthritis Res Ther. Aug 3 2012;14(4):R178.

Ho RT, Chan JS, Wang CW, et al. A randomized controlled trial of qigong exercise on fatigue symptoms, functioning, and telomerase activity in persons with chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome. Ann Behav Med. Oct 2012;44(2):160-170.

Biesinger E, Kipman U, Schatz S, et al. Qigong for the treatment of tinnitus: a prospective randomized controlled study. J Psychosom Res. Sep 2010;69(3):299-304.

Tsang HW, Tsang WW, Jones AY, et al. Psycho-physical and neurophysiological effects of qigong on depressed elders with chronic illness. Aging Ment Health. 2013;17(3):336-48.

Yeh SC, Chang MY. The effect of Qigong on menopausal symptoms and quality of sleep for perimenopausal women: a preliminary observational study. J Altern Complement Med. Jun 2012;18(6):567-575.

Tsai YK, Chen HH, Lin IH, et al. Qigong improving physical status in middle-aged women. West J Nurs Res. Dec 2008;30(8):915-927.

Chan AW, Lee A, Suen LK, et al. Tai chi Qigong improves lung functions and activity tolerance in COPD clients: a single blind, randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. Feb 2011;19(1):3-11.

Lee MS, Lee MS, Choi ES, et al. Effects of Qigong on blood pressure, blood pressure determinants and ventilatory function in middle-aged patients with essential hypertension. Am J Chin Med. 2003;31(3):489-497.

Yang Y, Verkuilen J, Rosengren KS, et al. Effects of a Taiji and Qigong intervention on the antibody response to influenza vaccine in older adults. Am J Chin Med. 2007;35(4):597-607.

Yang Y, Verkuilen JV, Rosengren KS, et al. Effect of combined Taiji and Qigong training on balance mechanisms: a randomized controlled trial of older adults. Med Sci Monit. Aug 2007;13(8):CR339-348.

Jahnke RA, Larkey LK, Rogers C. Dissemination and benefits of a replicable Tai Chi and Qigong program for older adults. Geriatr Nurs. Jul-Aug 2010;31(4):272-280.

Chao YF, Chen SY, Lan C, et al. The cardiorespiratory response and energy expenditure of Tai-Chi-Qui-Gong. Am J Chin Med. 2002;30(4):451-461.

Lan C, Chou SW, Chen SY, et al. The aerobic capacity and ventilatory efficiency during exercise in Qigong and Tai Chi Chuan practitioners. Am J Chin Med. 2004;32(1):141-150.

Navarro M. Qigong Improves Quality of Life in Cancer Patients. 9th International Conference of the Society for Integrative Oncology (SIO). Presented October 8, 2012.2012.

Lee TI, Chen HH, Yeh ML. Effects of chan-chuang qigong on improving symptom and psychological distress in chemotherapy patients. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(1):37-46.

Oh B, Butow PN, Mullan BA, et al. Effect of medical Qigong on cognitive function, quality of life, and a biomarker of inflammation in cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. Jun 2012;20(6):1235-1242.

Chen K, Yeung R. Exploratory studies of Qigong therapy for cancer in China. Integr Cancer Ther. Dec 2002;1(4):345-370.

Chen KW, Shiflett SC, Ponzio NM, et al. A preliminary study of the effect of external qigong on lymphoma growth in mice. J Altern Complement Med. Oct 2002;8(5):615-621.

Yan X, Li F, Dozmorov I, et al. External Qi of Yan Xin Qigong induces cell death and gene expression alterations promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation, migration and glucose metabolism in small-cell lung cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem. Apr 2012;363(1-2):245-255.

Yan X, Shen H, Jiang H, et al. External Qi of Yan Xin Qigong Induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion of estrogen-independent breast cancer cells through suppression of Akt/NF-kB signaling. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2010;25(2-3):263-270.

Yeh ML, Lee TI, Chen HH, et al. The influences of Chan-Chuang qi-gong therapy on complete blood cell counts in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs. Mar-Apr 2006;29(2):149-155.

Yang Y, Verkuilen J, Rosengren KS, et al. Effects of a traditional Taiji/Qigong curriculum on older adults’ immune response to influenza vaccine. Med Sport Sci. 2008;52:64-76.

Lee S. Chinese hypnosis can cause qigong induced mental disorders. BMJ. Mar 18 2000;320(7237):803.

Ng BY. Qigong-induced mental disorders: a review. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. Apr 1999;33(2):197-206.

Xu SH. Psychophysiological reactions associated with qigong therapy. Chin Med J (Engl). Mar 1994;107(3):230-233.

Oh B, Butow P, Mullan B, et al. A critical review of the effects of medical Qigong on quality of life, immune function, and survival in cancer patients. Integr Cancer Ther. Jun 2012;11(2):101-110.

Oh B, Choi SM, Inamori A, Rosenthal D, Yeung A. Effects of qigong on depression: a systemic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:134737.

Chen Z, Meng Z, Milbury K, et al. Qigong improves quality of life in women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer: results of a randomized controlled trial. Cancer. 2013 May 1;119(9):1690-8.

Fong SS, Ng SS, Luk WS, et al. Effects of Qigong Exercise on Upper Limb Lymphedema and Blood Flow in Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study. Integr Cancer Ther. 2014 Jan;13(1):54-61.

Brosseau L, Taki J, Desjardins B, et al. The Ottawa panel clinical practice guidelines for the management of knee osteoarthritis. Part one: introduction, and mind-body exercise programs. Clin Rehabil. May 2017;31(5):582-595.

Larkey LK, Roe DJ, Smith L, et al. Exploratory outcome assessment of Qigong/Tai Chi Easy on breast cancer survivors. Complement Ther Med. Dec 2016;29:196-203.

Vanderbyl BL, Mayer MJ, Nash C, et al. A comparison of the effects of medical Qigong and standard exercise therapy on symptoms and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer. Jun 2017;25(6):1749-1758.

Chan JS, Li A, Ng SM, et al. Adiponectin Potentially Contributes to the Antidepressive Effects of Baduanjin Qigong Exercise in Women With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome-Like Illness. Cell Transplant. Mar 13 2017;26(3):493-501.

Oh B, Yeung A, Klein P, et al. Accreditation Standard Guideline Initiative for Tai Chi and Qigong Instructors and Training Institutions. Medicines (Basel). Jun 8 2018;5(2):51.

Jiao J, Russell IJ, Wang W, Wang J, Zhao YY, Jiang Q. Ba-Duan-Jin alleviates pain and fibromyalgia-related symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia: results of a randomised controlled trial. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2019 Nov-Dec;37(6):953-962.

Tang SK, Tse MMY, Leung SF, Fotis T. The effectiveness, suitability, and sustainability of non-pharmacological methods of managing pain in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2019 Nov 8;19(1):1488.

Guo L, Kong Z, Zhang Y. Qigong-Based Therapy for Treating Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 7;16(5):826.

Rodrigues JM, Mestre M, Fredes LI. Qigong in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. J Integr Med. 2019 Jul;17(4):250-260.

Lu Y, Qu HQ, Chen FY, et al. Effect of Baduanjin Qigong Exercise on Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Oncol Res Treat. 2019;42(9):431-439.

Ying W, Min QW, Lei T, Na ZX, Li L, Jing L. The health effects of Baduanjin exercise (a type of Qigong exercise) in breast cancer survivors: A randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2019 Apr;39:90-97.

Osypiuk K, Ligibel J, Giobbie-Hurder A, et al. Qigong Mind-Body Exercise as a Biopsychosocial Therapy for Persistent Post-Surgical Pain in Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study. Integr Cancer Ther. 2020 Jan-Dec;19:1534735419893766.

Myers JS, Mitchell M, Krigel S, et al. Qigong intervention for breast cancer survivors with complaints of decreased cognitive function. Support Care Cancer. 2019 Apr;27(4):1395-1403.

Dong X, Wang X, Jia N, et al. A comparison between Qigong exercise and cycle ergometer exercise for the rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A pilot randomized controlled trial (CONSORT). Medicine (Baltimore). May 28 2021;100(21):e26010.

Chen S, Zhang Y, Wang YT, et al. The effect of Qigong-based therapy on patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. Dec 2020;34(12):1436-1448.

Qi D, Wong NML, Shao R, et al. Qigong exercise enhances cognitive functions in the elderly via an interleukin-6-hippocampus pathway: A randomized active-controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun. Jul 2021;95:381-390.

Vargas-Román K, De la Fuente-Solana EI, Cortés-Martín J, et al. Effect of a 16-Session Qigong Program in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med. Jun 14 2022;11(12).

Quixadá AP, Miranda JGV, Osypiuk K, et al. Qigong Training Positively Impacts Both Posture and Mood in Breast Cancer Survivors With Persistent Post-surgical Pain: Support for an Embodied Cognition Paradigm. Front Psychol. 2022;13:800727.

Wayne PM, Hausdorff JM, Lough M, Gow BJ, Lipsitz L, Novak V, Macklin EA, Peng CK, Manor B. Tai Chi training may reduce dual task gait variability, a potential mediator of fall risk, in healthy older adults: cross-sectional and randomized trial studies. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9:332. 

Langevin HM, Schnyer R, MacPherson H, Davis R, Harris RE, Napadow V, Wayne PM, Milley RJ, Lao L, Stener-Victorin E, Kong JT, Hammerschlag R. Manual and electrical needle stimulation in acupuncture research: pitfalls and challenges of heterogeneity. J Altern Complement Med. 2015 Mar;21(3):113-28. 

O'Connor BB, Eisenberg DM, Buring JE, Liang CL, Osypiuk K, Levy DB, Wayne PM. Within-team Patterns of Communication and Referral in Multimodal Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain Patients by an Integrative Care Team. Glob Adv Health Med. 2015 Mar;4(2):36-45. 

Yang GY, Wang LQ, Ren J, Zhang Y, Li ML, Zhu YT, Luo J, Cheng YJ, Li WY, Wayne PM, Liu JP. Evidence base of clinical studies on Tai Chi: a bibliometric analysis. PLoS One. 2015 Mar 16;10(3):e0120655. 

Jacobson EE, Meleger AL, Bonato P, Wayne PM, Langevin HM, Kaptchuk TJ, Davis RB. Structural integration as an adjunct to outpatient rehabilitation for chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized pilot clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:813418. 

Wayne PM, Berkowitz DL, Litrownik DE, Buring JE, Yeh GY. What do we really know about the safety of tai chi?: A systematic review of adverse event reports in randomized trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Dec;95(12):2470-83. 

Wayne PM, Gow BJ, Costa MD, Peng CK, Lipsitz LA, Hausdorff JM, Davis RB, Walsh JN, Lough M, Novak V, Yeh GY, Ahn AC, Macklin EA, Manor B. Complexity-Based Measures Inform Effects of Tai Chi Training on Standing Postural Control: Cross-Sectional and Randomized Trial Studies. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 10;9(12):e114731. 

Wells RE, Burch R, Paulsen RH, Wayne PM, Houle TT, Loder E. Meditation for migraines: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Headache. 2014 Oct;54(9):1484-95. 

Manor B, Lough M, Gagnon MM, Cupples A, Wayne PM, Lipsitz LA. Functional benefits of tai chi training in senior housing facilities. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014 Aug;62(8):1484-9. 

Yeh GY, Wayne PM, Litrownik D, Roberts DH, Davis RB, Moy ML. Tai chi mind-body exercise in patients with COPD: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2014 Aug 28;15:337. 

Wayne PM, Walsh JN, Taylor-Piliae RE, Wells RE, Papp KV, Donovan NJ, Yeh GY. Effect of tai chi on cognitive performance in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014 Jan;62(1):25-39. 

Manor B, Lipsitz LA, Peng CK, Wayne, PM, Li L. Complexity-based measures inform tai chi's impact on standing postural control in older adults with peripheral neuropathy. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Apr 16;13:87. 

Yeh GY, Wood MJ, Wayne PM, Stevenson LW, Davis RB, Phillips RS, Forman D. Tai chi in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Congest Heart Fail. 2013 Mar-Apr;19(2):77-84. 

Wayne PM, Manor B, Novak V, Costa M, Hausdorff JM, Goldberger AL, Ahn AC, Yeh GY, Peng CK, Lough M, Davis RB, Quilty MT, Lipsitz LA. A systems biology approach to studying tai chi, physiological complexity and healthy aging: design and rationale of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2013 Jan;34(1):21-34. 

Lu WD, Matulonis UA, Dunn JE, Doherty-Gilman A, Dean-Clower E, Goodman A, Davis, RB, Buring JE, Wayne PM, Rosenthal DS, Penson RT. The feasibility and effects of acupuncture on quality of life scores during chemotherapy in ovarian cancer: results from a pilot randomized sham-controlled trial. Med Acupunct. 2012 Dec;24(4):233-240. 

Yeung A, Lepoutre V, Wayne PM, Yeh G, Slipp LE, Fava M, Denninger JW, Benson H, Fricchione GL. Tai chi treatment for depressed Chinese Americans: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012 Oct;91(10):863-70. 

Lu WD, Wayne PM, Davis RB, Buring JE, Li H, Goguen LA, Rosenthal DS, Tishler RB, Posner MR, Haddad RI. Acupuncture for dysphagia after chemoradiation in head and neck cancer: rationale and design of a randomized, sham-controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2012 Jul;33(4):700-11. 

Wayne PM, Kiel DP; Buring JE, Connors EM, BonatoP, Yeh GY, CohenCJ, Mancinelli C, Davis RB. Impact of tai chi exercise on multiple fracture-related risk factors in post-menopausal osteopenic women: a pilot pragmatic, randomized trial. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Jan 30;12:7. 

Yeh GY, McCarthy EP, Wayne PM, Stevenson LW, Wood MJ, Forman D, Goldberger A, Davis RB, Phillips RS. Tai chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2011 Apr 25;171(8):750-7. 

Langevin HM, Wayne PM, Macpherson H, Schyner RM, Milley R, Napadow V, Lao LX, Park JB, Harris R, Cohen M, Sherman KJ, Haramati A, Hammerschlag R. Paradoxes in acupuncture research: strategies for moving forward. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:180805. 

Yeh GY, Roberts DH, Wayne PM, Davis RB, Quilty MT, Phillips RS. Tai chi exercise for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pilot study. Respir Care. 2010 Nov;55(11):1475-82. 

Lu WD, Posner MR, Wayne PM, Rosenthal DS, Haddad RI. Acupuncture for dysphagia after chemoradiation therapy in head and neck cancer: a case series report. Integr Cancer Ther. 2010 Sep;9(3):284-90. 

Wayne PM, Buring JE, Davis RB, Connors EM, Bonato P, Patritti B, Fischer M, Yeh GY, Cohen CJ, Carroll D, Kiel DP. Tai chi for osteopenic women: design and rationale of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010 Mar 1;11:40. 

Wayne PM, Hammerschlag R, German JS, Chapman T. Attitudes and interests toward research among students at two colleges of acupuncture and Oriental medicine. Explore (NY). 2010 Jan-Feb;6(1):22-8. 

Ahn A, Schyner RN, Conboy L, Wayne PM. Electrodermal measures of jing-well points and their clinical relevance in endometriosis-related chronic pelvic pain. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Dec;15(12):1293-305. 

Birdee, GS, Wayne PM, Davis RB, Phillips RS, Yeh GY. Tai chi and qigong for health: patterns of use in the United States. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Sep;15(9):969-73. 

Wayne PM, Hammerschlag R, Langevin HM, Napadow V, Park JJ, Schyner RN. Resolving paradoxes in acupuncture research: a roundtable discussion. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Sep;15(9):1039-44. 

Birdee, GS, Yeh GY, Wayne PM, Phillips RS, Gardiner P. Clinical applications of yoga for the pediatric population: a systematic review. Acad Pediatr. 2009 Jul-Aug;9(4):212-220.e1-9. 

Lu WD, Matulonis UA, Doherty-Gilman A, Lee H, Dean-Clower E, Rosulek A, Gibson C, Goodman A, Davis RB, Buring JE, Wayne PM, Rosenthal DS, Penson RT. Acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients with gynecologic malignancies: a pilot randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Jul;15(7):745-53. 

Yeh GY, Wang CC, Wayne PM, Phillips R. Tai chi exercise for patients with cardiovascular conditions and risk factors: a systematic review. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2009 May-Jun;29(3):152-60. 

Pease M, Sollom R, Wayne PM. Acupuncture for refugees with post-traumatic stress disorder: initial experiences establishing a community clinic. Explore (NY). 2009 Jan-Feb;5(1):51-4. 

Wayne PM, Kerr C, Schnyer RN, Legedza A, Savetsky German J, Shields MH, Davis RB, Buring JE, Conboy LA, Highfield E, Parton B, Thomas P, Laufer MR. Japanese-style acupuncture for endometriosis-related pelvic pain in adolescents and young women: results of a randomized sham-controlled trial. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2008 Oct;21(5):247-57. 

Schyner R, Lao L, Hammerschlag R, Wayne PM, Langevin H, Napadow V, Harris R, Park J, Milley R, Cohen M, MacPherson H. Society for Acupuncture Research 2007 Conference Report: The Status and Future of Acupuncture Research: 10 Years Post-NIH Consensus Conference. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Sep;14(7):859-60. 

Conboy L, Quilty MT, Kerr C, Shaw J, Wayne PM. A qualitative analysis of adolescents' experiences of active and sham Japanese-style acupuncture protocols administered in a clinical trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jul;14(6):699-705. 

Kaptchuk TJ, Kelley JM, Deykin A, Wayne PM, Lasagna LC, Epstein IO, Kirsch I, Wechsler ME. Do "placebo responders" exist? Contemp Clin Trials. 2008 Jul;29(4):587-95. 

Yeh GY, Mietus JE, Peng CK, Phillips RS, Davis RB, Wayne PM, Goldberger AL, Thomas RS. Enhancement of sleep stability with tai chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: preliminary findings using an ECG-based spectrogram method. Sleep Med. 2008 Jul;9(5):527-36. 

Schnyer RN, Iuliano D, Kay J, Shields M, Wayne PM. Development of protocols for randomized sham-controlled trials of complex treatment interventions: Japanese acupuncture for endometriosis-related pelvic pain. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jun;14(5):515-22. 

Ahn AC, Colbert AP, Anderson BJ, Martinsen OG, Hammerschlag R, Cina S, Wayne PM, Langevin HM. Electrical properties of acupuncture points and meridians: a systematic review. Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 May;29(4):245-56. 

Wayne PM, Buring JE, Davis RB, Andrews SM, St. John M, Conboy L, Kerr CE, Kaptchuk TJ, Schachter SC. Increasing research capacity at the New England School of Acupuncture through NCCAM-supported faculty and student research training initiatives. Altern Ther Health Med. 2008 Mar-Apr;14(2):52-8. 

Valaskatgis P, Macklin EA, Schachter SC, Wayne PM. Possible effects of acupuncture on atrial fibrillation and post-herpetic neuralgia -- a case report. Acupunct Med. 2008 Mar;26(1):51-6. 

Wayne PM, Kaptchuk TJ. Challenges inherent to the tai chi research: Part II -- defining the intervention and optimal study design. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Mar;14(2):191-7. 

Yeh GY, Wang CC, Wayne PM, Phillips RS. The effect of tai chi exercise on blood pressure: a systematic review. Prev Cardiol. 2008 Spring;11(2):82-9. 

Wayne PM, Kaptchuk TJ. Challenges inherent to tai chi research: Part I -- tai chi as a complex multi-component intervention. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;14(1):95-102. 

Wayne PM, Pensack LY, Connors EM, Buring JE, Davis, RB, Schachter SC, Hrbek A, Kaptchuk TJ, Andrews, SM. Increasing research capacity at the New England School of Acupuncture: building grants management infrastructure as an NCCAM-funded developmental center for research on complementary and alternative medicine. Altern Ther Health Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;14(1):56-64. 

Yeh GY, Wayne PM, Phillips RS. Tai chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure. Med Sport Sci. 2008;52:195-208. 

Nedrow AR, Heitkemper M, Frenkel M, Mann D, Wayne PM, Hughes E. Collaborations between allopathic and complementary and alternative medicine health professionals: four initiatives. Acad Med. 2007 Oct;82(10):962-6. 

Anderson BJ, Haimovici F, Ginsburg, ES, Schust, DJ, Wayne PM. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and acupuncture: clinical efficacy and mechanistic basis. Altern Ther Health Med. 2007 May-Jun;13(3):38-48. 

Schaechter JD, Connell BD, Stason WB, Kaptchuk TJ, Krebs DE, Macklin EA, Schnyer R, Stein J, Scarborough DM, Parker S McGibbon CA, Wayne PM. Correlated change in upper limb function and motor cortex activation after verum and sham acupuncture in patients with chronic stroke. J Altern Complement Med. 2007 Jun;13(5):527-32. 

Wayne PM, Krebs DE, Kiel DP, Davis RB, Savetsky-German J, Connelly M, Buring JE. The effects of tai chi on bone mineral density in post-menopausal women: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007 May;88(5):673-80. 

Macklin EA, Wayne PM, Kalish LA, Valaskatgis P, Thompson J, Pian-Smith M, Zhang Q, Stevens S, Goertz C, Prineas RJ, Buczynski B, Zusman RM. Stop Hypertension with the Acupuncture Research Program (SHARP): results of a randomized controlled clinical trial. Hypertension. 2006 Nov;48(5):838-45. 

Highfield E, Kerr C, Laufer M, Schyner R, Thomas P, Wayne PM. Adolescent endometriosis-related pelvic pain treated with acupuncture: two case reports. J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Apr;12(3):317-22. 

Schyner RM, Wayne PM, Kaptchuk T, Cheng XM, Zhang ZZ. Standardization of individualized treatments in a randomized controlled trial of acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation. J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Mar;12(2):106-9. 

Schnyer RS, Conboy LA, Jacobson E, Mc Knight P, Goddard T, Moscatelli F, Anna T. Legedza A, Kerr C, Kaptchuk TJ, Wayne PM. Development of a Chinese medicine assessment measure: an interdisciplinary approach using the Delphi method. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Dec;11(6):1005-13. 

Wayne PM, Krebs, DE, Macklin EA, Schyner R, Kaptchuk TJ, Parker SW, Scarborough DM, McGibbon CA, Schaechter JD, Stein J, Stason WB. Acupuncture for upper-extremity rehabilitation in chronic stroke: a randomized sham-controlled study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Dec;86(12):2248-55. 

Wayne PM, Scarborough DM, Krebs DE, Parker SW, Wolf SL, Asmundson L, McGibbon CA. Tai chi for vestibulopathic balance dysfunction: a case study. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;11(2):60-6. 

McGibbon CA, Krebs DE, Parker S, Scarborough DM, Wayne PM, Wolf SL. Tai chi and vestibular rehabilitation improve vestibulopathic gait via different neuromuscular mechanisms: preliminary report. BMC Neurol. 2005 Feb 18;5(1):3. 

McGibbon CA, Krebs DE, Parker S, Scarborough DM, Goldvasser D, Asmundson L, Wayne PM, Wolf SL. Tai chi and vestibular rehabilitation effects on gaze and whole-body stability. J Vestib Res. 2004;14(6):467-78. 

Yeh GY, Wood MJ, Lorell BH, Stevenson LW, Eisenberg DM, Wayne PM, Goldberger Al, Davis RB, Phillips RS. Effects of tai chi mind-body movement therapy on functional status and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Med. 2004 Oct 15;117(8):541-8. 

Kalish LA, Buczynski B, Connell P, Gemmel A, Goertz C, Macklin EA, Pian-Smith M, Stevens S, Thompson J, Valaskatgis P, Wayne PM, Zusman RM. Stop Hypertension with the Acupuncture Research Program (SHARP): clinical trial design and screening results. Control Clin Trials. 2004 Feb;25(1):76-103. 

Wayne PM, Krebs DE, Parker SW, McGibbon CA, Kaptchuk TJ, Scarborough DS, Gill-Body K, Wolf SL. Can tai chi improve vestibulopathic postural control? Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):142-5. 

Greene PJ, Wayne PM, Kerr CE, Weiger W, Jacobson E, Kaptchuk TJ. The powerful placebo: doubting the doubters. Adv Mind Body Med. 2001 Fall;17(4):298-307; discussion 312-8.


Wayne PM, Kaptchuk TJ. Challenges inherent to the tai chi research: Part II -- defining the intervention and optimal study design. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Mar;14(2):191-7.

Yeh GY, Wang CC, Wayne PM, Phillips RS. The effect of tai chi exercise on blood pressure: a systematic review. Prev Cardiol. 2008 Spring;11(2):82-9.

Wayne PM, Kaptchuk TJ. Challenges inherent to tai chi research: Part I -- tai chi as a complex multi-component intervention. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;14(1):95-102.

Wayne PM, Pensack LY, Connors EM, Buring JE, Davis, RB, Schachter SC, Hrbek A, Kaptchuk TJ, Andrews, SM. Increasing research capacity at the New England School of Acupuncture: building grants management infrastructure as an NCCAM-funded developmental center for research on complementary and alternative medicine. Altern Ther Health Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;14(1):56-64.

Yeh GY, Wayne PM, Phillips RS. Tai chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure. Med Sport Sci. 2008;52:195-208.

Wayne PM, Krebs DE, Kiel DP, Davis RB, Savetsky-German J, Connelly M, Buring JE. The effects of tai chi on bone mineral density in post-menopausal women: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007 May;88(5):673-80.

Macklin EA, Wayne PM, Kalish LA, Valaskatgis P, Thompson J, Pian-Smith M, Zhang Q, Stevens S, Goertz C, Prineas RJ, Buczynski B, Zusman RM. Stop Hypertension with the Acupuncture Research Program (SHARP): results of a randomized controlled clinical trial.Hypertension. 2006 Nov;48(5):838-45.

Highfield E, Kerr C, Laufer M, Schyner R, Thomas P, Wayne PM. Adolescent endometriosis-related pelvic pain treated with acupuncture: two case reports. J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Apr;12(3):317-22.

Schyner RM, Wayne PM, Kaptchuk T, Cheng XM, Zhang ZZ. Standardization of individualized treatments in a randomized controlled trial of acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation. J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Mar;12(2):106-9.

Schnyer RS, Conboy LA, Jacobson E, Mc Knight P, Goddard T, Moscatelli F, Anna T. Legedza A, Kerr C, Kaptchuk TJ, Wayne PM. Development of a Chinese medicine assessment measure: an interdisciplinary approach using the Delphi method. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Dec;11(6):1005-13.

Wayne PM, Krebs, DE, Macklin EA, Schyner R, Kaptchuk TJ, Parker SW, Scarborough DM, McGibbon CA, Schaechter JD, Stein J, Stason WB. Acupuncture for upper-extremity rehabilitation in chronic stroke: a randomized sham-controlled study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Dec;86(12):2248-55.

Wayne PM, Scarborough DM, Krebs DE, Parker SW, Wolf SL, Asmundson L, McGibbon CA. Tai chi for vestibulopathic balance dysfunction: a case study. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;11(2):60-6.

McGibbon CA, Krebs DE, Parker S, Scarborough DM, Wayne PM, Wolf SL. Tai chi and vestibular rehabilitation improve vestibulopathic gait via different neuromuscular mechanisms: preliminary report. BMC Neurol. 2005 Feb 18;5(1):3.

McGibbon CA, Krebs DE, Parker S, Scarborough DM, Goldvasser D, Asmundson L, Wayne PM, Wolf SL. Tai chi and vestibular rehabilitation effects on gaze and whole-body stability. J Vestib Res. 2004;14(6):467-78.

Yeh GY, Wood MJ, Lorell BH, Stevenson LW, Eisenberg DM, Wayne PM, Goldberger Al, Davis RB, Phillips RS. Effects of tai chi mind-body movement therapy on functional status and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Med. 2004 Oct 15;117(8):541-8.

Kalish LA, Buczynski B, Connell P, Gemmel A, Goertz C, Macklin EA, Pian-Smith M, Stevens S, Thompson J, Valaskatgis P, Wayne PM, Zusman RM. Stop Hypertension with the Acupuncture Research Program (SHARP): clinical trial design and screening results.Control Clin Trials. 2004 Feb;25(1):76-103.

Wayne PM, Krebs DE, Parker SW, McGibbon CA, Kaptchuk TJ, Scarborough DS, Gill-Body K, Wolf SL. Can tai chi improve vestibulopathic postural control? Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):142-5.

Greene PJ, Wayne PM, Kerr CE, Weiger W, Jacobson E, Kaptchuk TJ. The powerful placebo: doubting the doubters. Adv Mind Body Med. 2001 Fall;17(4):298-307; discussion 312-8.

Reference List

Ai AL and Sancier KM. A Critique of Studies on Qigong & Mental Health: Implications for Clinical Research [6/30/05]; Iselin, New Jersey, USA. 2001: 38.

Sancier KM (Qigong Institute, Menlo Park, California, USA). Anti-Aging Benefits of Qigong [6/30/05]. J Intl Soc Life Info Science. 1996; 14(1):12-21; ISSN: 1341-9226.
Sancier KM (Qigong Institute, East West Academy of Healing Arts, Menlo Park, USA). Anti-Aging Benefits of Qigong [6/30/05]; Beijing, China. 1996: 147.
Sancier KM (Qigong Institute, Menlo Park, California, USA). Anti-Aging Benefits of Qigong [6/30/05]; San Francisco. 1998: 47.

Qigong Institute, East West Academy of Healing Arts, Menlo Park, CA). Effect of qigong on therapeutic balancing measured by electroacupuncture according to Voll (EAV): a preliminary study [6/30/05]; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 1995: 32.
Qigong Institute,Menlo Park, CA 94025). The effect of qigong on therapeutic balancing measured by electroacupuncture according to Voll (EAV): A preliminary study. [6/30/05]. Acupunct Electrother Res . 1994; 19(2/3):119-127; ISSN: 0360-1293.
Qigong Institute, 561 Berkeley Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA). Effects of subject’s thought and a qigong master’s intention on body energy monitored by a quantitative muscle test [6/30/05]. J Intl Soc Life Info Science. 2004; 22(1):200-204.

Qigong Institute, Menlo Park, California, USA). Electrodermal measurements during a qigong workshop [6/30/05]; San Francisco, Calif., USA. 2000.
Qigong Institute, Menlo Park, CA and American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, San Francisco, CA.). Electrodermal measurements for monitoring the effects of a qigong workshop [6/30/05]. J Altern Complement Med. 2003; 9(2):235-41.

Qigong Institute, East West Academy of Healing Arts, San Francisco, Calif., USA [1] ). Healing with qigong: case studies and experimental measurements by muscle testing [6/30/05]; UC Berkeley, Calif, USA. 1990: 110.

Measuring the Effects of Self-Applied Qigong and Emitted Qi on the Body [6/30/05]; Iselin, New Jersey, USA. 2001: 27.
Sancier KM (Qigong Institute, East West Academy of Healing Arts). Medical applications of qigong [6/30/05]. Altern Ther Health Med. 1996; 1(4): ISSN: 1078-6791.
SancierKM(QigongInstitute,MenloPark,CA94025).Monitoringtheeffects of a qigong workshop by electrodermal measurements [6/30/05];
2001.
Qigong and neurologic illness. Weintraub, Michael. Complementary and alternative medicine for
neurologic illness. St. Louis, Missouri: Harcourt Health Sciences; 2000.

Qigong database [6/30/05]. Adv Mind Body Med. 2000; 16(3):159.

Qigong Institute, East West Academy of Healing Arts, 450 Sutter Street #2104, San Francisco, California 94108, USA). Qigong & drug therapy is superior to drug therapy alone [6/30/05]; Beijing, China. 1996: 171.

Qigong Institute, 561 Berkeley Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA). Qigong enhances drug therapy
 [6/30/05]; Beijing, China. 1998: 121.
 Qigong Institute, 561 Berkeley Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025). Qigong, the anti-aging therapy [6/30/05]. Massage & Bodywork. 1999; 128-

Qigong Institute, Menlo Park, CA 94025). Search for Medical Applications of Qigong with the Qigong DatabaseTM [6/30/05]. Townsend Letter for Doctors & Patients. 2002; (222):116-118.
Therapeutic Benefits of Qigong Exercises in Combination with Drugs [6/30/05]. J Altern Complement Med. 1999; 5(4):383-389; ISSN: 1341-9226.

Sancier KM and Chow EPY (Qigong Institute, East West Academly of Healing Arts, 450 Sutter St., Suite 2104, San Francisco, CA 94108, U.S.A. [1] ).

Effect of external and internal qi as measured experimentally by muscle testing [6/30/05]; Shanghai, China. 1990: 138.

Amer College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 1989; 7(3):13-19; ISSN: 0739-571X.

Sancier KM and Hu B (Qigong Institute, East West Academy of Healing Arts). Medical applications of qigong and emitted qi on humans, animals, cell cultures & plants: review of selected scientific research [6/30/05]. Am J. Acupuncture. 1991; 19(4):367-377; ISSN: 0091-3960.

Sancier KM 1 and Holman D 2 (Qigong Institute, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. qi@qigonginstitute.org [1]//American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, San Francisco, CA [2]). Multifaceted health benefits of medical qigong [6/30/05]. J Altern Complement Med. 2004; 10(1):163-5.

Somatic- Imagery / Mind-Body Medicine

Affleck G, Apter A, Tennen H, et al. Mood states associated with transitory changes in asthma symptoms and peak expiratory flow. Psychosom Med. 2000;62(1):61-68.

Baranowsky J, Klose P, Musial F, Haeuser W, Dobos G, Langhorst J. Qualitative systemic review of randomized controlled trials on complementary and alternative medicine treatments in fibromyalgia. Rheumatol Int. 2009 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]

Broderick JE. Mind-body medicine in rheumatologic disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2000;26(1):161-176, xi.

Bryson KA. Spirituality, meaning, and transcendence. Palliat Support Care. 2004;2(3):321-8.

Carlson LE, Ursuliak Z, Goodey E, Angen M, Speca M. The effects of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients: 6-month follow-up. Support Care Cancer. 2001 Mar;9(2):112-23.

Chen KW, Liu T, Zhang H, Lin Z. An analytical review of the Chinese literature on Qigong therapy for diabetes mellitus. Am J Chin Med. 2009;37(3):439-57. Review.

Cotton S, Humenay Roberts Y, Tsevat J, Britto MT, Succop P, McGrady ME, Yi MS. Mind-body complementary alternative medicine use and quality of life in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print]

D'Silva S, Poscablo C, Habousha R, Kogan M, Kligler B. Mind-body medicine therapies for a range of depression severity: a systemic review. Psychosomatics. 2012;53(5):407-23.

Epel E, Daubenmier J, Moskowitz JT, Folkman S, Blackburn E. Can meditation slow rate of cellular aging? Cognitive stress, mindfulness, and telomeres. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Aug;1172:34-53. Review.

Esch T, Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Benson H. Stress in cardiovascular diseases. Med Sci Monit. 2002;8(5):RA93-RA101.

Gordon JS, Edwards DM. MindBodySpirit Medicine. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2005;21(3):154-8.

Habermann TM, Thompson CA, LaPlant BR, et al. Complementary and alternative medicine use among long-term lymphoma survivors: a pilot study. Am J Hematol. 2009;84(12):795-8.

Jones JF, Maloney EM, Boneva RS, Jones AB, Reeves WC. Complementary and alternative medical therapy utilization by people with chronic fatiguing illnesses in the United States. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2007;7:12.

Keefer L, Blanchard EB. A one year follow-up of relaxation response meditation as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome. Behav Res Ther. 2002 May;40(5):541-6.

Lando J, Williams SM. Uniting mind and body in our health care and public health systems. Prev Chronic Dis. 2006;3(2):A31.

Levenstein S, Smith MW, Kaplan GA. Psychosocial predictors of hypertension in men and women. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(10):1341-6.

MacDuff S, Grodin MA, Gardiner P. The use of complementary and alternative medicine among refugees: a systemic review. J Immigr Minor Health. 2011;13(3):585-99.

Maizes V, Rakel D, Niemiec C. Integrative medicine and patient-centered care. Explore (NY). 2009 Sep-Oct;5(5):277-89.

McMillan TL, Mark S. Complementary and alternative medicine and physical activity for menopausal symptoms. J Am Med Women's Assoc. 2004;59(4):270-7.

Mamtani R, Cimino A. A primer of complementary and alternative medicine and its relevance in the treatment of mental health problems. Psychatr Q. 2002;73(4):367-81.

Mehta DH. Mind/body medicine: a report on a sub-topic of the North American Research Conference on Complementary and Integrative Medicine on 24-27 May 2006 in Edmonton, Canada. Complement Ther Med. 2007;15(2):149-50.

Rakel. Textbook of Family Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011.

Selhub EM. Stress and distress in clinical practice: a mind-body approach. Nutr Clin Care. 2002;5(4):182-190.

Sheng C. Emerging paradigms in mind-body medicine. J Altern Complement Med. 2001;7(1):83-91.

Sierpina V, Levine R, Astin J, Tan A. Use of mind-body therapies in psychiatry and family medicine faculty and residents: attitudes, barriers, and gender differences. Explore (NY). 2007;3(2):129-35.

Sierpina VS, Kreitzer MJ, Brodsky M, et al. Innovations in integrative healthcare education: mind-body faculty development at UCLA and the symposium for portland area research on complementary and alternative medicine. Explore (NY). 2006;2(6):547-9.

Sierpina VS, Kreitzer MJ. Innovations in integrative healthcare education: mind-body medicine training. Explore (NY). 2005;1(5):402-4.

Smith JE, Richardson J, Hoffman C, Pilkington K. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction as supportive therapy in cancer care: systematic review. J Adv Nurs. 2005;52(3):315-27.

Ventegodt S, Thegler S, Andreasen T, et al. Clinical holistic medicine (mindful, short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy complemented with bodywork) in the treatment of experienced impaired sexual functioning. Scientific World Journal. 2007;7:324-9.

Vitetta L, Anton B, Cortizo F, Sali A. Mind-body medicine: stress and its impact on overall health and longevity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1057:492-505.

Wells RE, Loder E. Mind/Body and behavioral treatments: the evidence and approach. Headache. 2012;52 Suppl 2:70-5.

Xiong GL, Doraiswamy PM. Does meditation enhance cognition and brain plasticity? Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Aug;1172:63-9.

Guided Imagery References 

Aitken JR, Benson JW. The use of relaxation/desensitization in treating anxiety associated with flying. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1984 Mar 55(3):196-9.

Almeida NA, de Sousa JT, Bachion MM, Silveira Nde A. [The use of respiration and relaxation techniques for pain and anxiety relief in the parturition process] [Article in Portuguese] Ret Lat Am Enfermagem. 2005 Jan-Feb;13(1):52-8. Epub 2005 Mar 3. 

Antall GF, Kresevic D. The use of guided imagery to manage pain in an elderly orthopaedic population. Orthop Nurs. 2004 Sep-Oct;23(5):335-40.

Astin A. Mind-body therapies for the management of pain. Clin J Pain. 2004 Jan-Feb;20(1):27-32.

Astin JA, Shapiro SL, Eisenberg, DM, Forys KL. Mind-body medicine: state of the science, implications for practice. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2003 Mar-Apr;16(2):131-47.

Baird CL, Sands L. A pilot study of the effectiveness of guided imagery with progressive muscle relaxation to reduce chronic pain and mobility difficulties of osteoarthritis. Pain Manag Nurs. 2004 Sept;5(3):97-104.

Baird CL, Sands LP. Effect of guided imagery with relaxation on health-related quality of life in older women with osteoarthritis. Res Nurs Health. 2006 Oct;29(5):442-51.

Ball TM, Shapiro DE, Monheim CJ, Weydert JA A pilot study of the use of guided imagery for the treatment of recurrent abdominal pain in children. Clinical Pediatrics (Phila). 2003 Jul-Aug;42(6): pp.527-32.

Barrows KA, Jacobs BP. Mind-body medicine. An introduction and review of the literature. Med Clin North Am. 2002 Jan;86(1): 11-31.

Bastani F, Hidarnia A, Kazemnejad A, Vafaei M, Kashanian M. A randomized controlled trial of the effects of applied relaxation training on reducing anxiety and perceived stress in pregnant women. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2005 Jul-Aug;50(4):e36-40.

Berman BM, Swyers JP. Complementary Medicine Treatments for Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 1999 Sep;13(3) :487-92.

Berman BM, Swyers JP. Establishing a Research Agenda for Investigating Alternative Medical Interventions for Chronic Pain. Primary Care. 1997 Dec;24(4):743-58.

Berman BM, Swyers JP. Complementary Medicine Treatments for Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatology. 1999 Sep;13(3):487-92.

Blanchard EB, Andrasik F, Appelbaum KA, Evans DD, Myers P, Barron KD. Three studies of the psychologic changes in chronic headache patients associated with biofeedback and relaxation therapies. Psychosom Med. 1986 Jan-Feb;48(1-2):73-83.

Blanchard EB, Greene B, Scharff L, Schwarz-McMorris SP. Relaxation training as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome. Biofeedback and Self Regulation. 1993 Sep, 18(3):125-32.

Bridge LR, Benson P, Pietroni PC, Priest RG. Relaxation and imagery in the treatment of breast cancer. BMJ. 1988 Nov 5;297(6657):1169-72.

Burns DS. The effect of the bonny method of guided imagery and music on the mood and life quality of cancer patients. J Music Ther. 2001 Spring;38(1):51-65.

Caruso P. A Comparison of Guided Imagery Techniques with Chemotherapy Patients. Doctoral Dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology, Alameda, California 1999. 

Christman NJ, Cain LB. The effects of concrete objective information and relaxation on maintaining usual activity during radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2004 Mar-Apr;31(2):E39-45.

Clark ME, Hirschman R. Effects of paced respiration on anxiety reduction in a clinical population. Biofeedback Self Regul. 1990 Sep;15(3):273-84.

Crowther JH. Stress management training and relaxation imagery in the treatment of essential hypertension. J Behav Med. 1983 Jun;6(2):169-87.

Daake DA, Gueldner SH. Imagery, instruction and the control of post surgical pain. Applied Nursing Research. 1989 2 114-120.

Dalle Grave R, Todesco T, Banderali A, Guardini S. Cognitive-behavioural guided self-help for obesity: a preliminary research. Eat Weight Disord. 2004; Mar;9(1):69-76.

Dreher H. Mind-body interventions for surgery: evidence and exigency. Advances in Mind-Body Medicine. 1998. 14:207-222.

Eppley KR, Abrams AI, Shear J. Differential effects of relaxation techniques on trait anxiety: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychol. 1989 Nov;45(6) :957-74.

Esplen MJ, Garfinkel PE, Olmsted M, Gallop RM, Kennedy S. A randomized controlled trial of guided imagery in bulimia nervosa. Psychol Med 1998 Nov;28(6):1347-57.

Feinglos MN, Hastedt P, Surwit RS. Effects of relaxation therapy on patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1987. Jan-Feb;10(1):72-5.

Finucane A, Mercer SW. An exploratory mixed methods study of the acceptability and effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for patients with active depression and anxiety in primary care. BMC Psychiatry. 2006 Apr 7;6:14. 

Fontana GP. Acupuncture, Massage, Guided Imagery Ease Pain After Bypass Surgery. News release, Westport, Conn: Reuters Health Information, June 9. 2000 p1-2. 

Freeman LW, Welton D. Effects of imagery, critical thinking, and asthma education on symptoms and mood state in adult asthma patients: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Feb;11(1):57-68.

Galper DI, Taylor AG, Cox DJ. Current status of mind-body interventions for vascular complications of diabetes. Fam Community Health. 2003 Jan-Mar;26(1):34-40.

Gold SR, Jarvinen, PJ, Teague, RG. Imagery elaboration and clarity in modifying college students’ depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology.1982; 38(2): 312-314.

Goldbeck L, Schmid K. Effectiveness of autogenic relaxation training on children and adolescents with behavioral and emotional problems. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003 Sep;42(9):1046-54.

Groer M, Ohnesorge C. Menstrual-cycle lengthening and reduction in premenstrual distress through guided imagery. J Holist Nurs, 1993 Sep;11(3):286-94.

Gross CR, Kreitzer MJ, Russas V, Treesak C, Frazier PA, Hertz MI. Mindfulness meditation to reduce symptoms after organ transplant: a pilot study. Adv Mind Body Med. 2004 Summer;20(2):20-9.

Hadhazy VA, Ezzo J, Creamer P, Berman BM. Mind-body Therapies for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review. J Rheumatol. 2000 Dec;27(12):2922-8.

Halpin LS, Speir AM, CapoBianco P, Barnett SD. Guided imagery in cardiac surgery. Outcsomes Manag. 2002 Jul-Sep; 6(3):132-7.

Helge TD. A Comparison of Three Audio Guided Imagery Tapes on the Self Efficacy of Cancer Chemotherapy Patients. Doctoral Dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology, Alameda, California. 1999.

Holden-Lund C. Effects of relaxation with guided imagery on surgical stress and wound healing. Research in Nursing and Health. 1988 11 Aug. 235-244.

Ilacqua GE. Migraine headaches: coping efficacy of guided imagery training. Headache. 1994 Feb;34(2):99-102.

Kabat-Zinn J, Lipworth L., Burney R. The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 1985 June; 8(2):163-90. 

Kabat-Zinn J, Massion AO, Kristeller J, Peterson LG, Fletcher KE, Pbert L, Lenderking WR, Santorelli SF. Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Jul;149(7):936-43.

Kaplan KH, Goldenberg DL, Galvin-Nadeau M. The Impact of a Meditation-based Stress Reduction Program on Fibromyalgia. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1993 Sep;15(5): 284-9.

Kaushik R, Kaushik RM, Mahajan SK, Rajesh V. Biofeedback assisted diaphragmatic breathing and systematic relaxation versus propranolol in long term prophylaxis of migraine. Complement Ther Med. 2005 Sep;13(3):165-74.

Keefer L, Blanchard, EB. The effects of relaxation response meditation on the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome: results of a controlled treatment study. Behav Res Ther. 2001 Jul;39(7):801-11.

Keefer L, Blanchard EB. A one year follow-up of relaxation response meditation as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome. Behav Res Ther. 2002 May;40(5):541-6. 

Klaus L, Beniaminovitz A, Choi L, Greenfield F, Whitworth GC, Oz, MC, Mancini DM. Pilot Study of Guided Imagery Use in Severe Heart Failure. Am J Cardiology; 86(1): 101-4 2000.

Kolcaba K, Fox C. The effects of guided imagery on comfort of women with early stage breast cancer undergoing radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1999 Jan-Feb;26(1):67-72.

Kreitzer MJ, Gross CR, Ye X, Russas V, Treesak C. Longitudinal impact of mindfulness meditation on illness burden in solid-organ transplant recipients. Prog Transplant. 2005 Jun;15(2):166-72. 

Lambert S. The Effects of Guided Imagery on the Postoperative Course of Children. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 1996 17 (5) 307-310.

Lewith GT, Watkins AD. Unconventional therapies in asthma: an overview. Allergy. 1996 Nov, 51(11):761-9.

Louie SW. The effects of guided imagery relaxation in people with COPD. Occup Ther Int. 2004 11(3):145-59

Luebbert K, Dahme B, Hasenbring M. The effectiveness of relaxation training in reducing treatment-related symptoms and improving emotional adjustment in acute non-surgical cancer treatment: a meta-analytical review. Psychooncology. 2001 Nov-Dec;10(6):490-502. 

Manyande A, Berg S, Gettins D, Stanford SC, Mazhero S, Marks DF, Salmon P. Preoperative rehearsal of active coping imagery influences subjective and hormonal responses to abdominal surgery. Psychosom Med. 1995 Mar-Apr;57(2):177-82.

McDonald-Haile J, Bradley LA, Bailey MA, Schan CA, Richter JE. Relaxation training reduces symptom reports and acid exposure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology. 1994 Jul;107(1):61-9.

McKinney CH, Antoni MH, Kumar M, Tims FC, McCabe PM. Effects of guided imagery and music (GIM) therapy on mood and cortisol in healthy adults. Health Psychol. 1997 Jul;16(4):390-400.

Mehling WE, Hamel KA, Acree M, Byl N, Hecht FM. Randomized, controlled trial of breath therapy for patients with chronic low-back pain. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Jul-Aug;11(4):44-52.

Menzies V, Taylor AG, Bourguignon C. Effects of guided imagery on outcomes of pain, functional status, and self-efficacy in persons diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2006 Jan-Feb; 12 (1): pg 23-30.

Rapkin DA, Straubing M, Holroyd JC. Guided imagery, hypnosis and recovery from head and neck cancer surgery: an exploratory study. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1991 Oct;39(4) :215-26.

Salt WB, Neimark NF. (2002) Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the MindBodySpirit Connection. Parkview Publishing: Columbus.

Syrjala KL, Donaldson GW, Davis MW, Kippes ME, Carr JE. Relaxation and imagery and cognitive-behavioral training reduce pain during cancer treatment: a controlled clinical trial. Pain.1995 Nov;63(2):189-98. 

Taylor CB, Farquhar JW, Nelson E, Agras S. Relaxation therapy and high blood pressure. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1977 34: 339-42.

Teixeira J, Martin D, Prendiville O, Glover. The effects of acute relaxation on indices of anxiety during pregnancy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 Dec;26(4):271-6. 

Thompson MB, Coppens NM. The effects of guided imagery on anxiety levels and movement of clients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging. Holist Nurs Pract. 1994 Jan;8(2):59-69.

Tusek D, Church J, Fazio V. Guided Imagery as a Coping Strategy for Perioperative Patients. AORN Journal. 1997 66 (4) 644-649.

Tusek DL, Church JM, Strong SA, Grass JA, Fazio VW.Guided imagery: a significant advance in the care of patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Feb;40(2):172-8.

Tusek DL, Cwynar R, Cosgrove DM. Effect of guided imagery on length of stay, pain and anxiety in cardiac surgery patients. J Cardiovasc Manag. 1999 Mar-Apr;10(2) :22-8.

Van Dixhoorn J, White A. Relaxation therapy for rehabilitation and prevention in ischaemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2005 June;12(3):193-202. 

Varni JW, Gilbert A. Self-regulation of chronic arthritic pain and long-term analgesic dependence in a haemophiliac. Rheumatol Rehabil. 1982 Aug;21(3):171-4.

Williams JM, Duggan DS, Crane C. Fennell MJ. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for prevention of recurrence of suicidal behavior. J Clin Psychol. 2006 Feb;62(2):201-10. 

Williams KA, Kolar MM, Reger BE, Pearson JC. Evaluation of a Wellness-Based Mindfulness Stress Reduction intervention: a controlled trial. American Journal of Health Promotion. 2001 July-Aug; 15 (6): pp.422-432.

Yoo HJ, Ahn SH, Kim SB, Kim WK, Han OS. Efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation training and guided imagery in reducing chemotherapy side effects in patients with breast cancer and in improving their quality of 

life. Support Care Cancer. 2005 Oct;13(10):826-33. Epub 2005 Apr 23.